The Step

The Step Your first intuition may be to make use of the primary handful of sources you find and cite them in your analysis essay. This could be the easy method, however it’s certainly not the best way. If you need to be stressed out, over-worked, and pissed off beyond belief since you just can’t discover any “good” sources, then feel free to start researching without a working thesis. Knowing what you wish to write about is essential, however it’s simply as essential to know what you want to say about the topic. It helps you assume differently and suppose out of the box if you learn one thing. You develop the talent of constructing conclusion from what you learn and ask query from yourself whether you agree with it or not. Direct quotes must also be cited utilizing the required format type. You don't need our permission to copy the article; simply embrace a link/reference back to this web page. You can use it freely , and we're additionally okay with folks reprinting in publications like books, blogs, newsletters, course-materials, papers, wikipedia and presentations . One behavior that's becoming more widespread, especially with online papers, is to include a reference to your personal paper on the final web page. Lay this out in MLA, APA and Chicago format, allowing anyone referencing your paper to copy and paste it. I know it may be tempting to write one other boring essay about abortion or marijuana legalization. But you were supposed to write an argumentative essay about which certainly one of these cartoons has had a larger influence on American tradition. Read and reread your paper to make sure the sentences are sensible and paragraphs flow into one another easily. Check the grammar, spelling, and punctuation make essential corrections. Delete any irrelevant sections; improve expressions by altering the vocabulary. Yes, it takes time and effort, however when you see your grade in your last paper, your hard work will all be worth it. As a part of your editing process, don’t forget to ensure your paper is written in right format. Working on a paper for hours on finish will fry your mind. You’ll suppose you’re writing an excellent “A” paper, however you’ll actually miss all types of errors, and your “A” paper will likely be more like a “C” paper. Supporting concepts comply with go well with in sentence format backed with relevant info and examples. Don’t neglect to cite every reference supplies used. Now write up your ultimate draft and submit it before the deadline. This is the a part of the essay that you're supposed to elucidate, describe or argue the topic. The major ideas you wrote down on your define turns into separate paragraphs. The paragraph begins with an introductory sentence which carries the main idea. You learn how to construct up your data about any topic by exploring, synthesizing and evaluating it. Writing a research paper will assist you to develop or improve your reading expertise. It helps you in creating studying for crucial analysis not just for the aim of information. It helps you develop reasoning abilities as you learn any article or e-book to collect sources for your research paper. No paper is complete and not using a reference list, documenting all the sources that you simply used on your research. This ought to be laid out based on APA, MLA or other specified format, allowing any involved researcher to follow up on the research. This means that you shouldn’t start writing a few hours before the essay is due. But it additionally signifies that you don’t have to fret an excessive amount of if you make some errors alongside the way. Remember, you’re writing a draft of your analysis essay. As you find sources, you have to consider them to see in the event that they’re credible and in the event that they’re proper on your paper. You know about the matter that you have selected for your research paper and this improves your data about that topic. It additionally gives you an thought how to explore totally different other topics that you are unable to know from simple lectures from your trainer or text books.

Planet Star 61 Virginis and The Origin of Life Assignment

Planet Star 61 Virginis and The Origin of Life - Assignment Example Truth be told, more examinations are sought after these days by researchers pointing toâ€Å" make completely self-repeating counterfeit life forms in the laboratory† ( p.54). Without a doubt learning about how life developed is energizing; nonetheless, an inquiry remains: Is there life on another planet? The planet I am alluding to is Star 61 Virginis, one of the extra sunlight based planets added to the nearby planetary group a couple of years prior ( Laughlin, 2009). Having made further research about the planet uncovered intriguing realities, to be specific: 1. It is obvious to the unaided eye on a reasonable summer sky †shows up as yellow orange star; 2. It is excessively far from our close planetary system †27.8 light years away; 3. It lies on a planetary framework comprised of ice like bodies yet it is hot; The planet had just been found recently which presents a ton of hypotheses from individuals, particularly undergrads. In spite of the fact that science rea lities are legitimate, this doesn't imply that they are constant. Take the instance of Pluto which was educated as a planet however later ruined a lot to the shock of numerous individuals. The planet Star 61 Virginis has various attributes including high temperatures that couldn't support living things (de Mello et al., 308). In any case, this contention goes tested in light of the fact that the cause of life discloses to us that in even extraordinary conditions, life was made. This theme got me so intrigued that I arranged a poll to overview the assessment of some understudies about conceivable life in star 61 virginis. To begin with, I made a banner that welcomed understudies to take an interest in the review. To pull in members, I gave a motivating force †free film tickets so the understudies would truly answer my overview. There is additionally an extraordinary prize for an understudy who can respond to the inquiry: What sort of living things can exist in this planet? The r eview contained just ten inquiries on the grounds that an excessive number of inquiries can be tiring for certain understudies. Here are the issues that I made: 1. Do you think outsiders exist? 2. OK prefer to speak with outsiders? 3. What some portion of their reality would you need to know? 4. Do outsiders alarm you ? Why? 5. Do you figure outsiders could live in an exceptionally hot condition? 6. On the off chance that outsiders are permitted to exist together with us, are you for that thought? 7. Do you speculate somebody as an outsider? 8. Do you think outsiders existed in our planet quite a while back? 9. Will outsider life be made? 10. How are outsiders made? There were fifty respondents to the review which is astonishing in light of the fact that I never figured understudies would pay attention to outsiders. There were entertaining answers expressing that their folks or instructors are genuine outsiders. Nonetheless, the most significant aftereffect of the examination indica ted that 80% of respondents accepted that outsiders existed quite a while prior. They feel that the source of life hypothesis isn't just pertinent to earthbound issues however to outsiders too. Around 90% of the understudies additionally upheld the possibility that outsiders can exist in hot condition. Actually, there were such huge numbers of theories introduced by the appropriate responses like: 1. Outsiders can live in hot conditions since they are not people, their bodies can be comprised of uncommon issue; 2. Outsiders were shaped like the idea of early stage soup , as their planets developed, they started to frame; 3. Outsiders can adjust to their condition along these lines they exist; I truly discover these answers intriguing so perhaps I can have bunch conversations about these points and have different understudies

Company development Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organization advancement - Case Study Example Despite the fact that it is lawful to utilize TV ads for political battles, TV ads in this nation are vigorously managed by the Federal Communications Commission and the Federal Trade Commission (FCC, 2012; FTC, 2012). To evade lawful or specialized issues, TV ad creation organizations ought to be comfortable with the specialized measures executed concerning items, cases, and substance (Cheap TV Spots, 2012). For example, the promoting of cigarettes on TV is completely confined or restricted in the United States. In this manner, TV advertisement creation organizations in the United States ought to watch and up-date themselves with the on-going changes concerning TV ad limitations. Moreover, TV ad creation organizations are obliged to watch the laws on IPR. The U.S. economy is still under recuperation. In this way, TV advertisement creation organizations may experience delay in the installments for their administration. In the end, this will contrarily influence the companies’ income. To keep up their competency in the market, TV plug creation organizations should chop down their fixed month to month working expense without yielding the nature of their TV ad recordings. There are social ramifications with respect to the creation of TV advertisements. To abstain from culpable the watchers, TV advertisement creation organizations should abstain from delivering hostile business programs that can antagonistically influence its notoriety. Concerning innovation, TV programs in the United States is open through on-air communicate, decoded satellite, link administrations, direct communicate satellite, or web convention TV (FCC, 2010). Then again, TV publicists are utilizing different advances, for example, video programming, hard product, computerized cameras, advanced camcorders, and so forth. Since the capital prerequisite in setting up this sort of business is low,

The Evolution of Hip Hop - Free Essay Example

Hip-hop music has worked its way into modern day pop culture for the last two decades and has taken the world by storm with its ability to create a subculture, work its way into politics, and has become hip-hop as we know it today. There are many positives and negatives that are involved with hip-hop and its culture. Hip Hop itself has become more and more common within our pop culture and social media giving a heavy influence on the younger generation. The hip-hop industry has given opportunities to those who might be less fortunate, shedding light on the way the other half of society lived as far as seeing only high-class black and white celebrities showed to the media. Hip-hop has impacted the world because it plays a role in many lives. Hip-hop is still the future of the music world and with hip-hop there have been fewer incidents in the world like from killings, or a star in the hip-hop industry has gone to play a huge role in movies to fulfill a role in showing the young in the world that anything is possible and you can make your life what you want to make it. These stars have shown that its possible to live out your dreams from being a kid, and it can make all things possible when you have an opportunity. What most hip-hop artists dont see is that they are role models to the future generations and if you are causing trouble in the world people will sometimes see that as okay. If people see a famous artist who they listen to rob somebody or if they are involved in a shooting they are gonna think it is okay to be apart of gang violence and see it as, oh, my favorite rapper got out of the case so I can get out of it. The thing is these rappers or artists have money and the young listeners dont see that as a factor. Teenagers want to be just like their role models but dont have the sources too. Artists need to come out and say that what they do is their real life and do not want the young to follow in the wrong steps just in case they do screw up their lives in the long run. The various artists tell you only the luxurious things they have gained from their success in the hip-hop industry. One mistake and someone s life might be over, that includes going to jail for life or death. Some artists are known for their music of course but are also known for drugs, shootings, theft or some type of fraud. These are some examples of following in the steps of an artist that shouldnt be followed and this is why these rappers do not want the young to follow in their steps. A lot more than making music plays a role in their life. Most rappers have beef (or problems) with one another and this plays a role in what makes them get so big in t he industry of hip hip they are in. Some make diss tracks on one another and have an upgraded old school rap battle, its just more distant in the way they do it making tracks for the other to listen to. Some have Instagram beef, which is going on a live video with one another and arguing with each other and cussing each other out in front of their viewers, who are watching the live video. The culture of these rappers is different than what it really should be. Culture is a big role in the hip-hop world. This could be positive or negative, just depends on the way of life with each artist. Artists have viewed the world as theirs and think they have a part in the way the world is run. The more popular the artist the bigger the impact they think they have on the country they are in. This is why most artist travel and perform in different countries. They want to impact the world with a way that they know and thats to make the world love them. They dont care who is on their side and who is with them while they try to take their talents to other places to get more listeners and make more money off of views for their music. The culture of hip-hop now is not really the music. Its the money that they get from it. The producers they get from it and the friends they gain. The impact they have on the world now is flexing on everyone, which means that they want the nicest and most expensive thing they can get. The more it cost the more they can brag abo ut it. The better they look the more views and listeners they will gain. If you see a rapper in public they will most likely have on one of the most expensive outfits you can buy. The shoes that they are wearing will cost more than five to six pairs of shoes should usually cost. There is really nothing special about the shoes its really about whats the newest or whats the oldest pair they can get. They are normally the most expensive. The higher the price of the shoe is the fewer pairs there are in the world. Its sad to say that the artists of the world today are more worried about their outfits. On top of the outfits, the rappers wear Ice. Ice is a term now for jewelry and this includes every piece of jewelry. From chains, or necklaces, to grills. The Ice term is used with diamonds and is most commonly used in the saying I got ice on my wrist. This is said meaning that they have a really nice watch on and it most likely has diamonds or gold on it. In my opinion, chains are cool and all, they make you look somewhat better and have a meaning to them whethe r its from your grandpa or if its given as a gift. But what rappers do is attach an expensive piece to their chain and it dangles from their neck. Some rappers have a piece hanging that represents something about them, either a name, initials on it or a character in which they go by. These rappers have several different chains so they can wear them for different occasions or a different chain for a new day. Grills are basically just metal in your mouth. Not sure if it is safe nor clean but rappers have gold and diamonds on their grills to show off more bling. Hip-hop in the twenty-first century has brought out the slang in a lot of peoples vocabulary. A lot more people are saying dope and hot. Since hip-hop has gotten big around the world slang has been huge in the way many people speak now. Slang isnt necessarily a bad thing, but the attention that comes afterward is. Slang can be good, just not the actions afterward. Artists make hip-hop with slang and enjoy making music more when they use slang because it goes with their flow and slang just sound better with rhyming. The influence that artists have on the young is bringing out the inner slang. Older slang has died down after the passing of one of the greatest artist of all time, Tupac. The hip-hop game changed after the world found out he was shot. At such a young age the man impacted the world in many ways with several platinum records and many more record deals he had. The language of hip-hop Tupac spoke with music was incredible because it was all about how his life went. He lived that life at a young age and thats what everyone loved about him. The way he sang the truth and had many wanting to listen to his music every day. And thats coming back today with a very few artists. The listeners of hip-hop artists should be able to feel the life in the music. Not just one or two songs here and there, when the artist is depressed or something bad has happened. Artists didnt make their music real for a while but the flow is back and they are enjoying it a lot more. They are having a lot more fun making music and they are focusing more on them rather than on what the world is doing. Its lowering the amount of crime and is bringing many much closer and to being friends and become family, all because of a song. Since students have listened to music during school the graduating rate has increased, and a big number of students that graduated have gone to college. Most just listen to hip hop but some are making it. Many get scholarships or just go to college for hip-hop and they are becoming the new generations. Listening to hip-hop is how students make it through school and are successful in the workforce. Many adults that work at home or work in an office by themselves, will listen to music because its more comforting to them. Hip-hop has been known for flipping the script in the most recent decades. Hip-hop is built on flipping previously existing material in new and innovative ways. These ways include dance, graffiti and limiting the music. Breakdancers have been repurposing discarded flooring, graffiti artists use canvases and alleyways, and producers sampling pre-recorded music. Many producers commonly take previously recorded music and remix or reorder the song. This is called sampling, this kind of borrowing and blending could serve as a model for music. Flipping the script in hip-hop consists of taking any conceivable previous material and repurposing that material to some new creation. The hip-hop saying makes some noise refers to the act of producing music and participating in making hip-hop music. The noise of hip-hop is money. Money is all artists want anymore. They do not care if they are making people happy or what effect they are having on everyone. Its all about them, and how much money they are making. How big of a house they live in or what car they drive. Hip-hop music is more about the music video. The producers and artists spend so much on a music video. They buy new cars for just a video. They buy ridiculously expensive outfits and shoes for a video and to show off they have money. The hip-hop game is all money. If youre an artist thats successful then you have money but if you arent successful then you die off and lose money trying to produce the music that isnt getting big and will eventually fall out of the music industry and will have to find something else to do for a living. The evolution of hip-hop has worked its way into pop culture, it has had an overwhelming influence on the black community in America and society. Hip-hop is more than music, it is a culture. Over the past couple of decades, hip-hop has influenced America by speaking up for generations and providing a voice to a group of people who listen to hip-hop music, trying to deliver a message. Many have gone so far to say that the hip-hop culture and the music is aggressive in nature and promotes rebellion, and the provocative lyrics dont go in depth to the fact that hip-hop is a vocal outlet for many people. Hip-hop has provided a platform for rappers to express their opinions about society, the government and the treatment of black Americans in America for decades. This outlet is important for the black community and would benefit society entirely if people opposed to hip-hop tried to embrace the culture rather than attack the culture. The nineties marked extensive social changes in American history and social culture. One example of influential new trends that took place in the nineties centers on the evolution of hip-hop culture. The history of hip-hop stems from black community consciousness within the United States. Additionally, hip-hop culture can be viewed as a direct response to the socio-economic issues that spawned from that history. The black community, as well as other traditionally marginalized groups, turned discontent from injustices into productive protest through the restructuring of social attitudes and opportunities by means of musical expression. The late 80s saw the beginning of this musical movement, but the force associated with hip-hop music largely developed throughout the span of the 90s. In this line of thought, the nineties saw heavily changing trends in music and culture, to the point where the US experienced the establishment of a Hip Hop Nation. Despite a level of controversy over the legitimacy of the music in terms of lyrics and occasionally vulgar concepts. Hip-hop marks a national movement of heavy social and cultural effect. Hip hop rap is a big part of the appeal to the youth, lyrics are emotionally open and often have an underdog tale to tell. According to Michael Delpleache of hip-hop gives back, a youth empowerment organization, teens are drawn to the fantasies of wealth, glamour, and sex appeal in music videos. For teens in poor communities, lyrics speak to their current reality and their fantasies of escape. And like all forms of music, hip hop rap offers a creative outlet and a way to connect with peers. Not all songs have sexually explicit content, and some promote healthy sexual relationships. But according to researchers at Florida International University, the more time African American adolescents spent watching the sexualized images in hip-hop videos, the more likely they were to engage in sexually risky behavior themselves and endorse it in their peers. but researchers believed that it was the presence of sexual lyrics or images rather than the musical genre itself that generated such attit udes among young people. Rap lyrics may discuss violence as a part of an exciting and dangerous lifestyle, but some songs promote violence. Research done at Western Connecticut State University found that those who listen to music with violent lyrics are more likely to be violent. Rap comes from the poor black communities where violence cannot be controlled or contained but it can be proven that the amount of social and economic factors can play a much greater role in violence. Hip-hop and rap do have a stigma around its culture but it certainly does have its positives. Hip-hop has come a huge fan base around the world with a wide variety of listeners, mostly among young people.This raises a certain question, Does the negativity commonly associated with hip hop music is not just one side? Some aspects of the mentioned stigmas are true and contribute to the negative stereotype but the other side to rap music that needs to be shown by the media. Although it has been seen as largely negative, hip-hop has had an abundance of positive influences on society. The genre has been criticized in the media, associated with some of societal-9 problems and seen by a good number of people as a bad influence on the youth in general. Although there are some aspects of rap music that can be construed as negative it covers and outweighs the entire art form is unfair to the artists as well as the people who enjoy the music. The reality is that rap music is greatly misunderstoo d. The media often portrays rap music as negative and focuses on rap music more when it is related to something undesirable. Many media stories identify rap music as a catalyst in problems such as teen pregnancy, crime or some other negative social issue that existed long before rap music became relevant. The truth of the matter is that there is rap music that is positive and can serve the purpose of improving social consciousness by increasing awareness of some of the issues that many residents of our nations inner cities face. Just because a rap artist speaks of less than desirable subjects in his or her music does not mean that they intend to corrupt the minds of the audience. Rap music is entertainment and should not be treated any differently than any other form of entertainment out there. The bottom line is that all rap music is not degenerate and consideration should be taken when analyzing the message that the music is presenting. Hip-hop has been important in promoting social and political awareness among the youth of today. Rap music educates people from several different perspectives and raises many social issues. Rap is the channel for people to speak freely about their view on political or social issues and by doing so, it engages teenagers to become concerned and aware of these issues. This is important in making the youth aware of the world around them and the conditions they face in society, enabling individuals to discuss ways in which they can make a positive change within society. A few of the issues that hip-hop has created awareness in are racial discrimination, individuality and the importance of education and believing in your dreams. Hip-hop also is a reflection of the soul and mind and is a solace for both the artists and listeners who may be struggling with the same issues. Music, in general, brings people together, but the youth of today can relate to the struggle and difficulties that most rappers talk about. Since the release of Grandmaster Flashs The Message in 1982, rap music has adopted a more political tone. Rap music, more than any other genre, has alerted both private and public citizens of the plight (or dangerous) of the lower classes in urban areas among other issues. Some rappers are known for their controversial lyrics can often bring attention to greater issues. Rap is known for making it known how the other side lives and political lyrics and have used their platforms for good and not evil. Through education and understanding, rap music has spurred social awareness in communities around the country. Rap music has served as a tool to speak out against negative aspects of life such as violence and guns. Many artists use their musical talents to promote peace and anti-violent acts. By communicating messages about violence and discrimination, and relating to youth people, it provides an opportunity for them to make positive changes in their own life. Rappers such as the late Tupac Shakur were often criticized for their lyrics, which painted a bleak picture of urban America.

Commonly Confused Word Pairs in English

Here, from our Glossary of Commonly Confused Words, are 20 tricky word pairs that look and sound alike but have different meanings. (For examples and practice exercises, click on the highlighted words.) Advice and AdviseThe noun advice means guidance. The verb advise means to recommend or counsel.All Together and AltogetherThe phrase all together refers to people or things gathered in one place. The adverb altogether means entirely or wholly.Baited and BatedA hook, witness, or animal is baited (lured, enticed, tempted). Breath is bated (moderated).Cite and SiteThe verb cite means to mention or quote as an authority or example. The noun site means a particular place.Complement and Compliment; Complementary and ComplimentaryComplement means something that completes or brings to perfection. A compliment is an expression of praise.Discreet and DiscreteThe adjective discreet means tactful or prudent self-restraint. Discrete means distinct or separate.Eminent and ImminentThe adjective eminent means prominent or outstanding. Imminent means impending, about to occur.Flair and FlareThe noun flair means a talent or a distinctive quality or style. As a noun, flare means a fire or a blazing lig ht. Similarly, the verb flare means to burn with an unsteady flame or shine with a sudden light. Violence, troubles, tempers, and nostrils can flare.Formally and FormerlyThe adverb formally means in a formal way. The adverb formerly means at an earlier time.Hardy and HeartyThe adjective hardy (related to hard) means daring, courageous, and capable of surviving difficult conditions. The adjective hearty (related to heart) means showing warm and heartfelt affection or providing abundant nourishment.Ingenious and IngenuousThe adjective ingenious means extremely clever--marked by inventive skill and imagination. Ingenuous means straightforward, candid, without guile.Lightening and LightningThe noun lightening means making lighter in weight or changing to a lighter or brighter color. Lightning is the flash of light that accompanies thunder.Mantel and MantleThe noun mantel refers to a shelf above a fireplace. The noun mantle refers to a cloak or (usually figuratively) to royal robes of st ate as a symbol of authority or responsibility.Moot and MuteThe adjective moot refers to something that is debatable or of no practical importance. The adjective mute means unspoken or unable to speak.Prescribe and ProscribeThe verb prescribe means to establish, direct, or lay down as a rule. The verb proscribe means to ban, forbid, or condemn.Rational and RationaleThe adjective rational means having or exercising the ability to reason. The noun rationale refers to an explanation or basic reason.Shear and SheerThe verb shear means to cut or clip. Likewise, the noun shear refers to the act, process, or fact of cutting or clipping. The adjective sheer means fine, transparent, or complete. As an adverb, sheer means completely or altogether.Stationary and StationeryThe adjective stationary means remaining in one place. The noun stationery refers to writing materials. (Try associating the er in stationery with the er in letter and paper.)Track and TractAs a noun, track refers to a path, route, or course. The verb track means to travel, pursue, or follow. The noun tract refers to an expanse of land or water, a system of organs and tissues in the body, or a pamphlet containing a declaration or appeal.Whose and WhosWhose is the possessive form of who. Whos is the contraction of who is.

Sexual Harassment And Assault Response Preventative Program

Throughout life there are people and things that we compare ourselves to. When it comes to my professional career there is a person that I hold as my standard. Nichol Dwyer is a SHARP (Sexual Harassment/Assault Response Preventative Program) advocate on Fort Drum. Her passion and hard work in the Social Work field are an inspiration to me. Nichol knew that she wanted to be a Social Worker as a young child. While all of her friends had dreams to become teachers, doctors and celebrities Nichol always had the desire to help those in need. When Nichol reached high school she realized that she wanted to help better our society. That is when she began researching and studying different helping professions in the Social Work field. The areas†¦show more content†¦When Nichol was placed with Northern Adirondack Planned Parenthood Sexual Assault Services/Sexual Health and Reproduction Education Program she realized this was her â€Å"home†. Teaching Sexual Health Education clas ses throughout the community as well as assisting and advocating for victims/survivors of sexual assault were what truly made sense to her. This is what she was meant to do. After graduation Nichol was ready to get out there and change the world. At that time unfortunately society did not see the dire need for Social Workers. Due to her graduating during recession, finding a career in Social Work was seemingly impossible. It was at that point that Nichol â€Å"settled† and began working for Child Youth School Services on Fort Drum. Mrs. Dwyer held many positions in CYSS and enjoyed assisting many soldiers, families, children and coworkers. However, Nichol knew that this was not her calling in life and it started to weigh on her. Soon Nichol began searching and applying for Social Work positions. On February 10th 2014 Nichol was brought back to Sexual Assault Services again. Working for SHARP has become â€Å"home† for Mrs. Dwyer. At SHARP Nichol is a Victim Advocate f or the 10th Combat Aviation Brigade. Being an advocate means that she provides comprehensive assistance and serves as a liaison to victims of sexual assault and sexual harassment. Nichol executes effective program management, demonstrates and promotes zero tolerance in the workplace as well as

The Effects of Psychotherapies-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Psychotherapies. Answer: Human society has advanced significantly along the past years; however mental illnesses are still considered and treated as a societal taboo. Despite the fact that many of the mentally ill individuals are treated differently and are looked down upon by the majority of the human society mental illness still prevails to be one of the largest Healthcare problems in our civilization. Moreover unlike any other Health Care problems, the stigmatization and societal labelling makes it much worse for the mentally ill to cope with the restriction that mental illness and disability poses on the daily lifestyle (Abbass et al., 2014). Nowadays however mental illnesses are also considered to be a public health priority. With the first majority of the Cosmopolitan population suffering with some or the other manifestation of mental illnesses the World Health authorities have taken the problem of mental disorders much more seriously that it was ever before. Nowadays there are many treatment options available for mental disorders and one of the most abundantly used and most effective one of them are mental therapies. Mental health therapies or psychotherapies are therapeutic treatment options for restoring back the mental health of a mentally disabled individual. Out of all the psychotherapies available for mental disorders, cognitive behavioural therapy and exposure therapy is concerned to be the best options for many mental disorders. This assignment will compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of both these therapies and discuss the usage of the therapies in the context of different mental health disor ders (Craske et al., 2014). Studies have suggested that psychotic therapies or mental health therapies are the one of the most reliable options for the mentally ill to attain support and counselling in individual or group setting. It has also been established that the mental therapy is not only effective in treating the mental disorders that the patient might be suffering with but it also calms the agitation of the individual and helps them restored their perfect mental health. Mental therapies have originated long before in order to help the mental patients deal with the restrictions and suffering of mental health and have now evolved into various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment measures to help them not only cope with the mental disorder that also heal the mental disorders. Hence different conventional and more contemporary mental health therapies have become the first choice for treatment in case of a mental disorder or a mentally disabled patient for the psychiatrists (Cuijpers et al., 201 4). Cognitive behavioural therapy is the oldest psychotherapy that is still in abundant use in the current age. The philosophical origin of the therapy can be traced back to the stoic philanthropists and their practice in the field of psychology. As the precursors of the integral elements of this particular therapy can be traced back to the ancient philanthropical practices of stoicism, cognitive behavioural therapy is considered to be as old as stoicism is. Stock philanthropist used to establish logic in order to defy any false beliefs of superstitions and this is what has founded the principal element of cognitive behavioural therapy where the psychiatrist or therapist continues to deal with depression and anxiety and all the factors related to it with logic and scientific reasoning. John Stuart Mill is the key stoic philanthropist who is considered to be the founder of the basic principles of cognitive behavioural therapy (Elliott et al., 2013). The very basic integral elements of a cognitive behavioural therapy are the combination of behaviour in the association with cognitive physiology and psychology. Amalgamation of behaviour with cognitive development makes it different from any other historical approach to psychotherapy. For instance in case of psychoanalytical approach the therapist for unconscious meaning behind the abnormal behaviour of the patience and we'll attend to reduce the cause of abnormality from there on. on the other hand the cognitive behaviour therapy is much more focused on problems based and action oriented outcomes. Moreover cognitive behavioural therapy is founded on the principle that the main adaptive features of thoughts and behaviour play a fundamental role in the establishment and development of psychological disorders. According to the theory, symptoms and syndromes associated with the disorder can be reduced by facilitating new information processing skills and coping mechanisms in the patien t by the help of cognitive behavioural therapy (Lilienfeld et al., 2014). On the other hand exposure therapy is considered to be a technique that is used to treat anxiety disorders by exposure to the cause of distress of the patient. On a more elaborative note, while exercising this particular therapy the patients are encouraged to expose themselves to the fear of phobia in a context devoid of danger, to overcome the anxiety and the distress symptoms associated with it. The origin of exposure therapy might not be traced back as ancient as the origin of cognitive behavioural therapy. However this particular therapy had been in use from the last 70 years. The exposure therapy was first established in the 1950, when the western psychological practice was predominantly influenced by psychodynamic views. James T Taylor was the first Psychologist in the department of University of Cape Town in South Africa who used exposure therapy as a psychotherapy measure for the first time on a patient in the form a medical trial. Along the years various divergent variations of exposure therapy has been developed such as systematic desensitization, flooding, implosive therapy, prolonged exposure therapy, in vivo exposure therapy and imaginative exposure therapy. The basic principle of exposure therapy is founded on respondent conditioning, a term that is also known as pavlovian extinction (Rothbaum et al., 2014). In exposure therapy the psychiatrist is known to identify the cognition, emotion and psychological arousal that is associated with the fear induced stimulus or phobia and then by the application atoms to break the pattern of escape that manages and maintains the fear and its development. In order to serve this purpose the patient is exposed to progressively stronger fear inducing stimulus and in each step the accumulation of fear is minimised step by step in a steady escalation and hierarchical challenging pattern that can be escalated until the fear is completely disappeared. There is considered to be three types of a particular exposure ther apy, the first type is considered to be in vivo or in the sense real world or real life fear exposure. In this particular type the patient is exposed to actual for inducing situation which triggers original fear induced Stimuli and its response in the patient. For instance if a person is afraid of Darkness and loneliness the person may be asked to be locked up in a room that is dark and completely lonely for a short period of time. As time goes and the patient is slowly and steadily adjusted to the exposure the exposure intensity or concentration is increased bit by bit to eradicate the fear and its components from the site of the patient step by step. In the second type of exposure therapy the exposure is imaginary for instance the patient in this case and asks to imagine a situation that involves the specific element that they have a phobia of. This particular therapy is best suited for patients who have a fear of thoughts or a particular memory (Rothbaum et al., 2014). Third and very last type of exposure therapy is the interoceptive approach patients are interested to confront their body symptoms has increased heart rate or shortness of breath on any other disorder and the specific disorders that are reduced step by step by these particular symptoms. Both therapies are considered equivalent in reducing the symptoms of mental disorders and using behavioural characteristics to it. Just as exposure therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy has distinct and articulated steps to it as well. For instance the step 1 of a mainstream cognitive behavioural therapy is identification of critical behaviours. This is the state where the therapist recognises anomaly in the behaviour statistics and characteristics of the patient (Sayer et al., 2013). The second step is to determine whether the abnormal are critical behaviour are in excess or are in deficit. This is a stage where the therapist has to evaluate whether or not the anomaly to the behaviour of the patient is past the threshold of mental illness and what intensity to the anomaly is being represented. The third step to the cognitive behavioural therapy is the evaluation of the intensity of the critical behaviour in parameters of frequency duration and baseline. The final and last step is p lanning and implementation of an attempt as a strategic plan to decrease the frequency duration and intensity of the anomalous behaviour in the mental patient. Therefore following the sample for steps at her place is able to identify the abnormal behaviour and the patient, determine the intensity of it, figure out the cause and attempt strategic options to decrease the development of the anomalous behaviour. Therefore it can be concluded that based on this 4 steps of a traditional unorthodox cognitive behavioural therapy there are 6 distinct phases of this particular treatment. The first phase is psychological assessment, followed by reconceptualization, acquisition of skills, concentration of skills, generalization and maintenance, and lastly post-treatment assessment follow up (Sayer et al., 2013). This therapy is by far the most abundantly used psychotherapy in the medical treatment for mental disorders in centuries and this treatment has proved to be the most effective in managi ng if not completely eradicating most of the mental disorders successfully. In the last phase of this discussion, it can be considered that both the therapies are extremely efficient in treating the particular mental disorder that it targets. Where cognitive behavioural therapy is associated with the mainstream mental disorders accompanied by behavioural and cognitive abnormality in the mental patients. The exposure therapy is focused on the patients who are dealing with anxiety and post traumatic stress related mental problems. Though the therapies have been extremely efficient in diminishing and managing the symptoms of the mental disorder it is programmed to combat. And both the therapies have been abundantly used in the field of medical psychiatry (Weisz et al., 2015). Critically evaluating and contrasting both therapies it can be said that there are no really controversially harmful disadvantages of cognitive behavioural therapy. However in case of exposure therapy, exposing the patience to the one element is here the most and are suffering from the mental disorder from can be a trigger to more psychotic damage. It is common knowledge in psychiatry that every mind is different and each mind runs in a particular and unique pattern. Hence it cannot be generalized that exposing a particular patient for a particular kind of fear will always work for the benefit of the patient, in some cases where the patients are vulnerable and much more sensitive this exposure therapy can turn detrimental in no time. However with cognitive behavioural therapy there are no chances of a sensitive or vulnerable mind of a mental patient to be triggered for more damage. Taking assistance from the literature previously population studies have attempted to evaluate and cont rast the efficiency of both the therapies in the world of psychiatry. In the example of post traumatic stress disorder patients as discovered in the study of Horesh et al, the efficacy of both the treatment therapy when tested on the population of refugees dealing with post traumatic stress disorder (Horesh et al., 2016). 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